What Is Insulin and Why It Matters for Metabolic Health

Insulin is a key hormone responsible for regulating blood sugar levels by allowing glucose to enter cells for energy. When functioning properly, it supports stable energy, mood, and metabolic balance.

What Is Insulin Resistance?

Insulin resistance occurs when cells become less responsive to insulin signals, forcing the body to produce more insulin. Over time, this can lead to fat gain, inflammation, and hormonal imbalances.

  • Increased visceral fat storage
  • Hormonal imbalances such as oestrogen dominance
  • Systemic and neural inflammation

Why Insulin Resistance Often Goes Undetected

Insulin resistance can develop silently and may not appear in standard blood tests for up to 10–15 years, while still negatively impacting overall health.

Key Blood Markers to Watch for Insulin Resistance

  • HbA1c Optimal: 29–33 mmol/mol
  • Early Warning: 37–41 mmol/mol
  • Pre-diabetic: 42–47 mmol/mol

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  • Diabetic: 48 mmol/mol and above
  • C-Reactive Protein (CRP): optimal under 1

What Causes Insulin Resistance?

Multiple lifestyle and dietary factors contribute to insulin resistance, often working together to disrupt metabolic balance.

  • High intake of refined carbohydrates and sugars
  • Eating too frequently without metabolic rest
  • Low fibre, protein, and healthy fat intake
  • Poor food order during meals
  • Chronic stress impacting cortisol and insulin
  • Certain medications affecting metabolic pathways